Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) is a bacteria which causes serious disease that usually strikes children under the age of 5. It is spread from person-to-person by coughing and sneezing. If the germs spread to the lungs or bloodstream, Hib can cause serious illness including:
H. influenzae type b has been nearly abolished in the U.S. due to effective vaccine development, which has been available since 1988. Immunization with the Hib vaccine can help prevent Haemophilus influenzae type b disease. In rare cases, children may still develop H. influenzae type b infections. This can occur if the child has not completed their series of immunizations or in older children who did not receive the vaccine as an infant.
Hib is given to babies and children in three or four doses (depending on the brand of vaccine) at the following ages:
Children younger than 6 weeks of age should not receive the Hib vaccine. Children who are sick or have a fever should wait until they are well to receive the Hib vaccine. Children who should not receive Hib include those who have had a severe reaction to Hib vaccine. Your child's doctor will advise you on the vaccine in these and other situations.
A vaccine, like any medication, is capable of causing serious problems, such as severe allergic reactions. The risk of Hib causing serious harm or death is very small. Most people who get the Hib vaccine do not have any problems with it. Some minor problems may include:
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