Pump Iron to Prevent Lymphedema Flare-ups

For years, breast cancer survivors have been advised to avoid stressing the arm during strength training or other exercise because muscle strain can increase the severity of lymphedema flare-ups. Lymphedema, a common side effect after breast cancer surgery, is a condition in which fluid build-up in soft body tissues causes painful swelling and reduced movement or flexibility in nearby joints. The swelling is primarily seen in the arms or legs, even though it can occur in the face, neck, abdomen, and genitals. Out of fear of a flare-up, some women have avoided weight-bearing activities such as lifting children and heavy bags.

But a recent research study published in the New England Journal of Medicine offers some promising news. The results of the study associate weight lifting with a decrease in the severity of lymphedema symptoms or flare-ups in breast cancer survivors.

Weight Training Improves More Than Strength

To evaluate the effects of weight lifting on lymphedema, researchers divided 141 breast cancer survivors with a current medical diagnosis of lymphedema into two groups -- a weight-lifting group and a control (non weight-lifting) group.

The weight-lifting group trained twice per week at community fitness centers. Working in small groups with fitness center trainers, they slowly increased the amount of weight lifted over 13 weeks. The women then continued weight lifting independently for the next 39 weeks.

The participants in the control group were instructed to keep their normal exercise and activity routine.

The good news? Study results revealed that about 14 percent of the weight-lifting group experienced flare-ups compared with 29 percent of the control group. The weight-lifting group also self-reported less severe symptoms and an improvement in upper- and lower-body strength.

The study authors conclude that the results of this study may decrease the concern that weight lifting will worsen arm swelling in breast cancer survivors with lymphedema. What's more, researchers think that improved strength may protect the arm from injuries sustained during common daily activities.

Nonetheless, they call for further research to determine weight-training best practices for these women.

Tips to Manage Lymphedema

Up to 62 percent of women treated for breast cancer develop lymphedema. But there are ways to manage it. In general, try to avoid infection, constriction, and burns in the affected limb since all can cause swelling. Remember these tips:

• Avoid infection by using the unaffected limb when having blood drawn or receiving other injections. Also, keep cuts and bug bites clean and covered.
• Minimize risk for constriction by wearing loose-fitting clothing, jewelry, and gloves.
• Avoid burns to the affected area by covering up and using sunscreen when going outside. Also, steer clear of hot tubs and saunas, and don't use heating pads on the affected area.

Always consult your physician for more information.