Looking Out for Your Eyes

The results of a recent survey are truly eye-opening and important for women. The survey, conducted by the American Optometric Association, found that many Americans ignore their eye health and appear to be unaware of a leading cause of blindness.

Four Eye Threats to Know

Only 18 percent of survey respondents knew that the primary cause of blindness in older adults is macular degeneration. And 89 percent incorrectly believed glaucoma is preventable. What makes these findings alarming is that eye diseases can permanently damage vision, but many are treatable if caught early. Eye health is especially important for women, since they make up nearly two-thirds of all people affected by vision loss.

April is Women's Eye Health and Safety month and a good opportunity to learn about the four most common sight-stealers:

• Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) -- the main cause of blindness in older adults -- slowly destroys central vision. Central vision allows you to perform tasks that demand clear sight, like driving and reading.
• Glaucoma harms the optic nerve, resulting in vision loss and blindness. It occurs when fluid pressure inside the eyes rises above normal levels.
• A cataract is a clouding of the eye's lens. Cataracts are especially common among older adults.
• Diabetic retinopathy damages blood vessels in the retina, located at the back of the eye, in people with diabetes. If left untreated, it can cause blindness.

Five Sight-Saving Steps

While vision changes do occur naturally with aging, blindness doesn't have to happen to you. Here's how to save your sight:

• Have an eye exam every two years until age 60 and every year after that. A special test can check for glaucoma. While glaucoma isn't preventable, its damage can be minimized with early detection and treatment.
• Avoid smoking, which has been linked to cataracts and AMD.
• Wear sunglasses and a brimmed hat outdoors. Prolonged exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays may contribute to cataracts.
• Eat eye-healthy foods. Research shows a strong connection between good nutrition and the prevention of AMD and cataracts. Six nutrients -- lutein, zeaxanthin, essential fatty acids, vitamins C and E, and zinc -- have been shown to help.
• Control health conditions. Obesity, diabetes, and high blood pressure, for example, all affect the eyes. Follow your doctor's advice for keeping them in check. 

Always consult your physician for more information.